Derivatives in Vietnamese

Derivatives is a way that language can expand its lexicons like English or other languages in the world.
In Vietnamese, Derivatives are called Từ Phái Sinh.

The great majority of derivatives are reduplicative :Từ láy

Rules of reduplicative:

A reduplicative should contain at least two words, the longest reduplicative has four words ; in some case, it's formed by three words (sạch sành sanh: completely clean or empty).

There are two required parts in reduplicative: Repetition (Lặp or Điệp) and changing parts (Đối).

Types of reduplicative:

Tonal affixes: two words have the same base but different tones:
Example: Bứ-bự (Very big)
Đen đẻn: Be rather black

Vocalic affixes: The vowel of the second word is different.
Lếu láo: be ill mannered. ếu differs from áo and the repetition is L's

Rhyme affixes: The second parts of the two words are the same.
Khóc lóc: Cry
Bối rối: be uneasy.

Alliterative affixes: The initial bases are the same;
La lết: be with much pain or difficulty
Rõ rệt: be very clear